BMP Amathuluzi

Guqula BMP kuya futhi kusuka kumafomethi ahlukahlukene

Mayelana BMP

Amafayela e-BMP agcina izithombe ngefomethi ye-bitmap engacindezelwanga, okuholela osayizi bamafayela abakhulu kodwa ikhwalithi ephelele.

Ukusetshenziswa Okuvamile

Ihluzo zohlelo lokusebenza lweWindows
Isitoreji sesithombe esingacindezelwanga
Ukuhambisana kwesistimu yesikhathi esidlule

BMP Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Yokuguqulwa

Yini ihele BMP?

I-BMP (Ifayela Lesithombe se-Bitmap) iyifomethi yehluzo ze-raster esetshenziselwa ukugcina izithombe zedijithali ze-bitmap.

Ingabe kukhona okulahlekile uma i-BMP iguqulwa ibe yifomethi engekho emthethweni?

Akukho data ye-pixel. BMP igcina isithombe ngokugcwele ngaphandle kokuyifinyelela, ngakho ukuguqulwa phakathi kwefomethi ezimbili ezingalahleki kuphindeka futhi kungaphinda kuphindeka ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa. Okungakwazi ukulahleka yizinto zonke ezingaphansi kwe-pixels — amaprofayili wemibala, ukubukeka okucacile, ukubukeka, i-metadata efakwe — ngoba usizo lwalezi luhluka kakhulu phakathi kwefomethi kune-pixel storage. I-BMP igcina imiqulu ye-pixel engacindezelwanga ngokuphelele ngesihloko esincane, ngakho-ke kulula ukuyihlukanisa.

Kungani amasithombe-skrini siphuma njenge BMP?

Ngenxa yokuthi isithombe-skrini siyisithombe esinjalo, lesi sifomethi singcono kakhulu. Okutholakala ku-screen simbala omnyama, umbhalo kanye ne-edge eqinile - ngokucacile isihloko siphatha kahle ukucindezelwa okungaba khona futhi umbhalo oshicilelwe u-encoder u-smears - futhi i-operating system iyazi, ngakho-ke ayikuhlinzeki ngesinqumo. Ukushintsha isithombe-skrini sibe yi-photo format kuvame ukukwenza kube mkhulu futhi kube buhlungu. I-BMP ayidingi i-decoder library ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngakho ihlala i-format ephephile yokushintshana yezinhlelo ezifakwe ngaphakathi neWindows ezidala.

Kungani BMP yami ikhulu kakhulu kunale sithombe esifanayo njenge-JPG?

Ngenxa yokuthi igcina wonke ama-pixel, futhi kusithombe cishe akukho ama-pixel amabili afana. Ukucindezela okungaba khona kusebenza ngokuthola ukuphindeka, futhi imbewu, umsindo kanye ne-gradients inikeza okuncane kakhulu, ngakho ifayela lihlala lisencane kakhulu. Kusithombe-skrini, ilogo noma umdwebo we-line ucindezela ofanayo kubukeka kuhle. Lo mhlukaniso - omangalisayo kumbala oqinile, okhohlisa kuzithombe - yiqiniso lonke lapho lefomethi ilungile. I-BMP iyinto enkulu—isithombe esingu-12-megapixel siyizi-36 MB—nakho akukho isiphequluli esiyiphatha njengefomethi yewebhu efanele.

Kungani isizinda sami esicacile sishintsha sibe mhlophe ku BMP?

Ngenxa yokuthi BMP ayinaso isixhumi se-alpha sokugcina. I-pixel ngayinye kufanele ibe nombala oqinile, ngakho ukubukeka okucacile kuhlanganisene nendawo yangaphambili - okumhlophe ngokuzenzakalela - ngesikhathi ihele libhalwe. Akukho okuzobuyiselwa emuva. Uma isithombe sidinga ukuhlala kwikhasi elimnyama noma ngaphezulu kwesithombe, guqula kufomethi egcina ukubukeka okucacile endaweni.

Ingabe BMP iyifomethi efanele yezithombe-skrini ne-line art?

Yebo, ngenxa yesizathu esicacile ukuthi kuyinto engalungile yezithombe. I-chrome yokuxhumana, umbhalo kanye nama-graphic aqinile-e-edge ayizingxenye ezinkulu zombala ofanayo nezilimi eziqinile, eziphatha ukucindezeleka okungaba khona ngokuphumelelayo futhi ukucindezeleka okungaba khona ku-smears - i-tell iyi-halo emnyama evela ngaphesheya kokubhala lapho isithombe-skrini sidlula ku-encoder yezithombe. Gcina izithombe-skrini lapha futhi uguqule kuphela uma kukhona okuthile okuqhubekayo.

Ingabe kufanele ngigcine amafayela amasha njenge BMP?

Uma nje kukhona okuthile okudingayo. Ifomethi ivuliwe, futhi akukho sidingo sokushintsha ingobo yomlando ongeke ukwenze kube nzima, kodwa akuyona indawo lapho ithuluzi noma umphumela uhamba khona. Kunoma yini entsha, ifomethi yamanje ayidingi lutho olungeziwe futhi ivimbela ukulandelana kwesifundo seminyaka emincane kusukela manje.

Ingabe kubaluleke ukuthi BMP ingaphezu kweminyaka engu-30?

Ubudala bukhona akuyona inkinga - amafomethi amaningi onyaka akhona alungile, ngokucacile ngoba konke kudlule iminyaka eminingi ukuwafaka. Okubalulekile ukuthi unyaka uthathe isinqumo: amafayela amancane, amaprosesa aphansi, akukho nethiwekhi, futhi amakhono angeke afune umuntu. lapho amanani ahlala khona, ifomu lilungile. lapho ayikho, lena yisizathu sokushintsha. I-BMP yiWindows Bitmap, ifomethi ye-raster engaqondakali efakwe ku-Windows kusukela ngo-1985.

Ingabe BMP yifomethi yeMicrosoft edinga isofthiwe yeMicrosoft?

Kuvela kuMicrosoft, futhi lapho uxhumano luphela khona. Akukho sicelo esiqalayo esilahlekile futhi akukho layisense elingagcinwa: isakhiwo sashicilelwa, silula kakhulu njengoba ifomu lefayela lithola, futhi yonke indlela yokusebenza nethuluzi lifunde futhi libhale iminyaka eminingi. Okunye okuguqula kuyo yisayizi nezici, awukwazi ukufinyelela.

Kungani i-BMP ingabonisi kwi-browser yami?

Ngenxa yokuthi iziphequluli zisebenzisa uhlu oluncane lwefomethi yesithombe futhi BMP ingaphandle kwayo — ihlobene nokuhlola, uphrinta noma ukuguqulwa komsebenzi ohambayo ngaphezu kwe-web. Ihele alilahleki; lingenakho umbhalo oguqula ikhasi. Ukushintsha isithombe sefomethi yewebhu-endawo kuyindlela yokulungisa isinqumo esisodwa futhi kuvame ukwenza ihele lincane kakhulu.

Ingabe ngingenza ngiphinde ngibize isiqephu endaweni yokushintsha BMP?

Kunzima kakhulu, futhi kufanelekile ukuqonda ukuthi kungani: isithonjana siyisihloko, ngenkathi ama-bytes ngaphakathi kufakwe ngefomethi eyodwa ekhethekile. Ukushintsha igama kwenza ihele igama lakhe lithembisa okuthile okuqukethwe kwayo akusho ukunikela, futhi noma yini evula ihele noma liyiphoqa noma liyifunda kabi. Ukuphela kwephutha elincane yifomethi ezimbili ezikhona ngokusemthethweni ibhokisi elifanayo ngaphansi kwezinhlamvu ezahlukene — futhi ngisho lapho ukuphinda ubhale kahle kuphephile kunalokho ukushintsha igama.

Ingabe ngiguqula isibaya esigcwele se BMP amafayela ngasikhathi sinye?

Nge-akhawunti, yebo — khiphana ndawonye futhi zibekwe njengemisebenzi eyodwa endaweni yokuphathwa ngayinye ngasikhathi sinye, ngezinhlelo ezifanayo ezisetshenziswa ngaphesheya kweqembu futhi izimpendulo zibuyiselwe ndawonye. Ukuguquka okumahhala kusebenza ihele elilodwa ngasikhathi sinye (amathuluzi okuxhuma athatha amabini); i-plan ekhokhelwa yilokho okuvulela ukuqhubekela phambili kweqembu kanye nobukhulu bomgwaqo wefayela ngalinye, okukwenza ukuguquka kwehele lonke le-archive kube lula.